World History-- STUDY GUIDE I


POTENTIAL ID'S:

KEMET, NOMES, PER-O, UNAS, MAXIMS OF PTAH HOTEP, PLEA OF THE ELOQUENT PEASANT, OSIRIS, HYKSOS, BOOK OF THE DEAD

SUMER, CUNEIFORM, ENLIL, ZIGGURAT, BABYLONIANS, HAMMURABI, CODE OF HAMMURABI, MARDUK, ISHTAR, GILGAMESH, ASSYRIANS, CHALDAEANS, NEBUCHADNEZZAR, ASTRAL RELIGION

PATRIARCHS, ABRAHAM, MOSES, JUDGES, UNITED MONARCHY, SOLOMON

TORAH, GENESIS, DEUTERONOMY, ISAIAH, PSALMS, DANIEL, MENE MENE TEKEL UPHARISN

HINDUISM, BRAHMA, SHIVA, VISHNU, RAMA, KRISHNA, CASTE SYSTEM, SATI, BUDDHA, FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS, EIGHT-FOLD PATH, NIRVANA, CONFUCIANISM, TAOISM

POTENTIAL ESSAYS QUESTIONS:

A.  In order to survive, a society must provide physical security, ethical guidance, and emotional fulfillment for its members.  Egyptian society was able to survive for well over two thousand years because, for the most part, it did an excellent job providing these three things.  Comment.

B.  In order to survive, a society must provide physical security, ethical guidance, and emotional fulfillment for its members.  Mesopotamian society was able to survive for well over two thousand years because, for the most part, it did an excellent job providing these three things.  Comment.

C.  The figures and events of Hebrew history would at first seem relatively insignificant, but these figures and events have had a tremendous impact on subsequent civilization.   Comment.

D.  The books of the "Tenach" (what Christians call the Old Testament) have had a tremendous influence on subsequent civilization.  Comment.

E.  In some ways, India and China mark "roads not taken" by Western Civilization.  Comment.

 

 

 

 

 

World History--STUDY GUIDE  II

POTENTIAL ID'S:

HOMER, SAPPHO, HERODOTUS, PERSIAN WAR, THUCYDIDES, PELOPONNESIAN WAR, SPARTA, ATHENS, ACROPOLIS, OLYMPICS, SOPHOCLES, ANTIGONE, EURIPIDES, TROJAN WOMEN, ALEXANDER THE GREAT

THALES, DEMOCRITUS, HERACLITUS, PARMENDIDES, SOCRATES, PLATO, ARISTOTLE, DIOGENES, STOICISM, EPICUREANISM

VIRTUS, STRUGGLE OF ORDERS, PUNIC WARS, GRACCHI BROTHERS, MARIUS, SULLA, JULIUS CAESAR

AUGUSTUS, TIBERIUS, CALIGULA, CLAUDIUS, NERO

PAGANISM, ZEUS, NERO, PLINY, GALERIUS, CONSTANTINE, GOSPEL, SERMON ON THE MOUNT, GOSPEL OF JOHN, PETER, AGAPE

POTENTIAL ESSAY QUESTIONS:

 

 

A.        The Greeks made more important contributions to subsequent civilization than any other ancient people Comment.

 

B.         Philosophy is probably the most important contribution of the Greeks to subsequent civilization.  Comment.

 

C.        The growth of Rome from a small city-state into a great empire during the early days of the Roman Republic is somewhat surprising.  Even more surprising is Rome's continued success during the period of the Roman Revolution. Comment.

 

D.        Augustus' success in rebuilding Rome is somewhat surprising.  Even more surprising is Rome's continued success during the period of his Julio-Claudian successors.  Comment. 

 

E.        One of the greatest surprises in history is the eclipse of Roman paganism and the triumph of Christianity.  Comment.

 

 

 

 

 

World History 1st Semester FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

 
POTENTIAL ID'S:
 
CONSTANTINE, CONSTANTINOPLE, JUSTINIAN, THEODORA, BASIL THE BULGAR SLAYER, CHRISTOLOGICAL CONTROVERSIES, ICONOCLASM
MUHAMMAD, KHADIJAH, MECCA, MEDINA, KORAN, FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM, SHAHADA, MOSQUE, HAJ, RAMADAN, JIHAD
GREGORY THE GREAT, BENEDICTINES, CHARLEMAGNE, FEUDALISM, CRUSADES, SONG OF ROLAND, LANCELOT, ROMANESQUE, GOTHIC, ANSELM, ABELARD, AQUINAS, ST. FRANCIS
BLACK DEATH, HUNDRED YEARS' WAR, JACQUERIE, BABYLONIAN CAPTIVITY OF THE PAPACY, GREAT SCHISM
BOCCACCIO, PICO DELLA MIRANDOLA, MACHIAVELLI, BOTTICELLI, DA VINCI, DONATELLO, RAPHAEL, MICHELANGELO, WYCLIF, HUSS, SAVANAROLA
LUTHER, ZWINGLI, CALVIN, JESUITS, ANABAPTISTS, BRETHREN OF THE COMMON LIFE, ERASMUS, MORE, ANGLICANS
 
POTENTIAL ESSAY QUESTIONS:
 
A.  Christianity gave the Roman Empire a new lease on life.  Particularly in the east, the Christianized Roman Empire, what we usually call the Byzantine Empire, remained successful for centuries.  However, the Byzantine Empire was not quite as Christian as it might have been, nor was Christianity always as helpful as it might have been.  Comment.
 
B.  Muhammad would at first seem an insignificant historical figure, but he turned the Arabs into a force to be reckoned with and created one of the most compelling and attractive of all religions, Islam.  Comment.
 
C. European society in the Early and High Middle Ages did an excellent job providing physical security, ethical guidance, and emotional fulfillment for its members.  Comment.
 
D.  In the 14th century, a series of calamities shook the medieval world to its foundations.  Discuss these disasters and note the effect each had on political, economic, and/or social conditions in Europe.
 
E.  The Renaissance was a period of tremendous achievement in all sorts of areas: in the arts, in literature, and, to a certain extent, in spiritual life as well.  Comment.
 
F.  In 16th century Europe, reformers of various types tried to correct the many abuses they saw in their society, trying especially to reform the church.  Unfortunately, their attempts at reform sometimes only increased the turmoil of this century. The events of the Reformation period have important lessons for anyone who wants change society—suggesting that there is a right way and a wrong way to work for societal change.  Comment.

World History STUDY GUIDE III

ID'S:

COLUMBUS, THE THIRTY YEARS' WAR, HABSBURGS, THE DEFENESTRATION OF PRAGUE, WALLENSTEIN, PEACE OF WESTPHALIA,  HARVEY, COPERNICUS, TYCHO BRACHE, KEPLER, GALILEO, NEWTON, ST. BARTHOLOMEW'S DAY MASSACRE, HENRY IV, EDICT OF NANTES, MARIE DE' MEDICI, LOUIS XIII, ANNE OF AUSTRIA, VERSAILLES, LOUIS XIV, ELIZABETH I, LATITUDINARIANISM, JAMES I, GUNPOWDER PLOT, CHARLES I, CROMWELL, CHARLES II, JAMES II, GLORIOUS REVOLUTION, BOSSUET, HOBBES, LEVIATHAN, STATE OF NATURE, LOCKE, NATURAL RIGHTS, BACON, DESCARTES, COGITO ERGO SUM, DISCOURSE ON METHOD, MEDITATIONS, PASCAL, PENSEES, PASCAL'S WAGER, CARRAVAGIO, MONTEVERDI, RUBENS, CORELLI, BERNINI, REMBRANDT , BACH, HANDEL

ESSAYS:

(1. The 17th century began on the brink of chaos.  Nearly everything taken for granted in earlier centuries had changed, was changing, or was about to change.  While in the long run many of these changes may have been good, the short-term result was often disaster, both for the people of the new world and the old.  Comment.)

2. Religion is often viewed as a force standing in the way of scientific progress and other sorts of discovery.  In the 16th and 17th century, religious beliefs did sometimes impede the acceptance of new ideas.  However, religion was far more often a spur to discovery, and the greatest resistance to new ideas came, not from religion, but from within the scientific community itself.  Comment.

3. During the 16th and 17th centuries, France was troubled by the same kinds of problems as the rest of Europe--political, economic, and social tensions made worse by religious division.  Even competent rulers and officials had a great deal of difficulty trying to govern the country.  Comment.

4. During the 16th and 17th centuries, England was troubled by the same kinds of problems as the rest of Europe--political, economic, and social tensions made worse by religious division. Even competent rulers and officials had a great deal of difficulty trying to govern the country.  Comment.

5. Bossuet and Hobbes make convincing cases for unlimited governmental authority.  John Locke, on the other hand, makes an even better case for limiting government.  Comment.

6. Bacon, Descartes, and Pascal all did an excellent job in helping people find order and assurance amid the chaos of the 17th century. Comment.

7.  The great Baroque artists did an excellent job helping people find order and assurance amid the chaos of the 17th century. Comment.

 

World History STUDY GUIDE IV

ID'S:

LOUIS XIV, LOUIS XV, FREDERICK WILLIAM I, FREDERICK THE GREAT, MARIA THERESA, JOSEPH II, PETER THE GREAT, CATHERINE THE GREAT

(PHILOSOPHES), DIDEROT, CONDORCET, ROUSSEAU, (CONFESSIONS), THE SOCIAL CONTRACT, CIVIL LIBERTY, DEISM, LEIBNITZ, OPTIMISM, VOLTAIRE, CANDIDE,  KANT

NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, DECLARATION OF THE RIGHTS OF MAN, (LOUIS XVI), THE CONVENTION, ROBESPIERRE, COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY, REIGN OF TERROR, THE DIRECTORY, NAPOLEON

CONGRESS OF VIENNA, ALEXANDER I, (HOLY ALLIANCE), LIBERALISM, LAISSEZ-FAIRE, NATIONALISM, CRIMEAN WAR,  (REVOLUTION OF 1830), LOUIS PHILIPPE, (REVOLUTION OF 1848), LOUIS NAPOLEON, CAVOUR, GARIBALDI, BISMARCK, FRANCO-PRUSSIAN WAR, VICTORIA

HINDUISM, CASTE SYSTEM, KALI, SATI, EAST INDIA COMPANY, WHITE MAN'S BURDEN, OCEAN DEVILS, OPIUM WAR, TAIPING REBELLION, MAO TSE-TUNG

ESSAYS:

1. While in some ways the 18th century was an age of enlightenment, it was not a very enlightened age.  The mixture of enlightenment and folly is particularly evident when one looks at the European monarchs of this century.  Comment.

2. The great thinkers of the 18th century turned to reason for answers to mankind's problems.  They believed that reason would end poverty and injustice.  They believed that reason would help them create the ideal social and political system.  They even believed that reason would provide the ultimate answers in religion.  One might even say that they carried their faith in reason to an irrational extreme.  Comment.

3. During each stage of the French Revolution, the French tried to make wonderful improvements in their form of government, but, in many cases, these improvements turned out not to be so wonderful after all.  Comment.

4. The 19th century in some ways merits the name "The Age of Progress."  Interestingly enough, this progress came through an a mixture of conservative and liberal ideas.  Comment.

5.  Europeans and European civilization have dominated the modern world—sometimes for the better, sometimes for the worse.  Comment.

World History 2nd Semester EXAM STUDY QUESTIONS

ID'S:

COMTE, HEGEL, DARWIN, NIETZSCHE, MARX, ROMANTICISM, REALISM, DOSTOYEVSKY, NOTES FROM UNDERGROUND, DREAM OF A RIDICULOUS MAN

SCHLIEFFEN PLAN, RISK THEORY, BALKANS, TRENCH WARFARE, ARMENIANS, WOODROW WILSON, VERSAILLES TREATY

RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, LENIN, STALIN, HARVEST OF DESPAIR, MUSSOLINI, NATIONAL SOCIALISM, HITLER, WORLD WAR II, HOLOCAUST, (NIGHT), (WIESEL), (YALTA), (POTSDAM)

PAKISTAN, BANGLADESH, LEBANON, PALESTINE, ALGERIA, ZAIRE, UGANDA, VIETNAM, CAMBODIA

ATONAL MUSIC, ALEATORIC MUSIC, DADA, SURREALISM, CUBISM, POP ART, T.S. ELIOT, JAMES JOYCE, BECKETT, IONESCO, SARTRE, BRECHT, (ARABEL)

ESSAYS:

1.  Most 19th century European thinkers, artists, and writers were convinced that their century was an age of progress, but it is not at all clear that what some of these men called progress was such a good thing after all.  Comment.

2.  World War I is an excellent example of the senseless violence of the 20th century.  Comment.

3.  The rise of totalitarian movements like Communism, Fascism, and National Socialism is probably the most troubling development of the 20th century.  Comment.  (Note: in commenting on this generalization, I'd like you to discuss totalitarian regimes before, during, and after World War II).

4.  The break-up of the European colonial empires may turn out to be a good thing in the long run, but the transition from colonial rule to independence was a difficult and sometimes horrible process for the countries involved.  Comment.

5.  Three main tendencies of art, music, and literature in the 20th century are the following: a tendency to be less and less accessible to the average man, a tendency to glorify art itself, and a tendency to undercut rather than reinforce traditional standards and beliefs.  Comment.